Ultrastructure of synapses in the mammalian brain pdf

Golgi-impregnated pyramidal cell in hippocampal area CA1, showing the soma and apical and basal dendrites. Images are modified from Gray and Harris et al. Ultrastructure of Synapses in the Mammalian Brain Downloading may take up to 30 seconds.

Click on image to view larger version. Cx36 appears to interconnect neurons exclusively, and it is expressed widely along the mammalian neuraxis, implying that there are undiscovered electrical synapses throughout the central nervous system. Some central neurons may be electrically coupled by other connexin types or by pannexins, a newly described family of gap junction proteins. Electrical synapses are a ubiquitous yet underappreciated feature of neural circuits in the mammalian brain.

Science : — Integration of biochemical signalling in spines. Nat Rev Neurosci 6 : — Syntaxin-4 defines a domain for activity-dependent exocytosis in dendritic spines. Cell : — Neurosci Lett : 41 — PDZ domain proteins of synapses. Nat Rev Neurosci 5 : — Nat Neurosci 9 : — Slices have more synapses than perfusion-fixed hippocampus from both young and mature rats. J Neurosci 19 : — Dendritic spines disappear with chilling but proliferate excessively upon rewarming of mature hippocampus.

Neurosci : 69 — Cell type- and input-specific differences in the number and subtypes of synaptic GABA A receptors in the hippocampus. Formation of dendritic spines with GABAergic synapses induced by whisker stimulation in adult mice. Spine growth precedes synapse formation in the adult neocortex in vivo. Drebrin a content correlates with spine head size in the adult mouse cerebral cortex.

Molecular architecture of synaptic actin cytoskeleton in hippocampal neurons reveals a mechanism of dendritic spine morphogenesis. Mol Biol Cell 21 : — Eur J Neurosci 19 : — Compartment-dependent colocalization of Kir3. Neurosci 26 : — Cytoplasmic organization in cerebellar dendritic spines.

J Cell Biol 97 : — The organization of cytoplasm at the presynaptic active zone of a central nervous system synapse. Neuron 1 : — The CNS synapse revisited: Gaps, adhesive welds, and borders. Neurochem Res 32 : — Interneuron diversity series: Containing the detonation—feedforward inhibition in the CA3 hippocampus. Trends Neurosci 26 : — Evidence that disinhibition is associated with a decrease in number of vesicles available for release at inhibitory synapses.

The importance of dendritic mitochondria in the morphogenesis and plasticity of spines and synapses. J Comp Neurol : 11 — Quantal analysis and synaptic anatomy—integrating two views of hippocampal plasticity. Trends Neurosci 16 : — The role of ribbons at sensory synapses. Neuroscientist 15 : — Polarized and compartment-dependent distribution of HCN1 in pyramidal cell dendrites. Nat Neurosci 5 : — Differential distribution of NCX1 contributes to spine-dendrite compartmentalization in CA1 pyramidal cells.

Postsynaptic positioning of endocytic zones and AMPA receptor cycling by physical coupling of dynamin-3 to Homer. Neuron 55 : — Morphological characterization of molecular complexes present in the synaptic cleft. Structure 13 : — Perisynaptic location of metabotropic glutamate receptors mGluR1 and mGluR5 on dendrites and dendritic spines in the rat hippocampus. Eur J Neurosci 8 : — Immunohistochemical localization of the voltage-gated potassium channel subunit Kv1.

J Chem Neuroanat 26 : — Regulation of GABA A receptor trafficking, channel activity, and functional plasticity of inhibitory synapses. Pharmacol Ther : — Mitochondrial trafficking and the provision of energy and calcium buffering at excitatory synapses. High-resolution quantitative visualization of glutamate and GABA receptors at central synapses. Total number and distribution of inhibitory and excitatory synapses on hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells. Synaptic localization of GLT-1a in the rat somatic sensory cortex.

Glia 57 : — Ultrastructural localization of the serotonin transporter in superficial and deep layers of the rat prelimbic prefrontal cortex and its spatial relationship to dopamine terminals. Ultrastructural localization of the norepinephrine transporter in superficial and deep layers of the rat prelimbic prefrontal cortex and its spatial relationship to probable dopamine terminals.

Ultrastructural analysis of hippocampal neuropil from the connectomics perspective. Neuron 67 : — Nectin: An adhesion molecule involved in formation of synapses. Activity-regulated cytoskeletal-associated protein is localized to recently activated excitatory synapses.

Neurosci : 7 — In situ localization of myosin and actin in dendritic spines with the immunogold technique. Subcellular distribution of neurabin immunolabeling in primate prefrontal cortex: Comparison with spinophilin. Cereb Cortex 14 : — Subcellular distribution of spinophilin immunolabeling in primate prefrontal cortex: Localization to and within dendritic spines.

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Neuron 20 : — Localization of l-afadin at puncta adhaerentia-like junctions between the mossy fiber terminals and the dendritic trunks of pyramidal cells in the adult mouse hippocampus. Immunohistochemical localization of Ih channel subunits, HCN, in the rat brain.

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How calcium causes microtubule depolymerization. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 36 : — Polyribosomes redistribute from dendritic shafts into spines with enlarged synapses during LTP in developing rat hippocampal slices. Neuron 35 : — Fear and safety learning differentially affect synapse size and dendritic translation in the lateral amygdale.

Organization of glutamate receptors at the synapse. Eur J Neurosci 9 : — Cerebellar cortex: Cytology and organization. Springer-Verlag , New York. The fine structure of neurons. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 1 : 69 — Plasticity-induced growth of dendritic spines by exocytic trafficking from recycling endosomes. Neuron 52 : — Trends Cell Biol 18 : — The fine structure of the nervous system: The neurons and supporting cells.

Saunders , Philadelphia. Synaptogenesis on mature hippocampal dendrites occurs via filopodia and immature spines during blocked synaptic transmission. J Comp Neuro : — Glutamate receptor targeting in the postsynaptic spine involves mechanisms that are independent of myosin Va.

Ontogeny of postsynaptic density proteins at glutamatergic synapses. Mol Cell Neurosci 29 : — Organization of NMDA receptors at extrasynaptic locations. Neurosci : 68 — The fine structure of freeze-fractured presynaptic membranes. J Neurocytol 1 : — Translocation machinery for synthesis of integral membrane and secretory proteins in dendritic spines. Nat Neurosci 3 : — Evidence for a satellite secretory pathway in neuronal dendritic spines.

Curr Biol 11 : — Adv Pharmacol 58 : — Reversible reduction in dendritic spines in CA1 or rat and ground squirrel subjected to hypothermia-normothermia in vivo: A three-dimensional electron microscope study. Precise localization of the voltage-gated potassium channel subunits Kv3.

Histochem Cell Biol : — Synapse-to-synapse variation in mean synaptic vesicle size and its relationship with synaptic morphology and function. The subcellular organization of cortactin in hippocampus. Spatial organization of cofilin in dendritic spines.

Lateral organization of endocytic machinery in dendritic spines. Nat Neurosci 7 : — Somatodendritic localization of 5-HT1A and preterminal axonal localization of 5-HT1B serotonin receptors in adult rat brain. Glutamate induces the rapid formation of spine head protrusions in hippocampal slice cultures.

Traffic 8 : — Structural determinants of transmission at large hippocampal mossy fiber synapses. J Neurosci 27 : — Clathrin-mediated endocytosis at the synaptic terminal: Bridging the gap between physiology and molecules.

Traffic 11 : — Distinct localization of P2X receptors at excitatory postsynaptic specializations. Neurosci Res 60 : — Brain Res : 7 — A developmental change in NMDA receptor-associated proteins at hippocampal synapses. Quantitative ultrastructural analysis of hippocampal excitatory synapses.

Quantitative fine-structural analysis of olfactory cortical synapses. Proc Natl Acad Sci 96 : — Morphological correlates of functionally defined synaptic vesicle populations. Nat Neurosci 4 : — Proc Natl Acad Sci 99 : — Molecular organization of the presynaptic active zone. The SALM family of adhesion-like molecules forms heteromeric and homomeric complexes. Requirement for protein synthesis at developing synapses.

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Three-dimensional architecture of presynaptic terminal cytomatrix. An emerging view of presynaptic structure from electron microscopic studies. Neuroligin 1 is a postsynaptic cell-adhesion molecule of excitatory synapses. Dense core vesicles resemble active-zone transport vesicles and are diminished following synaptogenesis in mature hippocampal slices. Three-dimensional organization of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in hippocampal CA1 dendrites and dendritic spines of the immature and mature rat.

Three-dimensional organization of cell adhesion junctions at synapses and dendritic spines in area CA1 of the rat hippocampus. J Comp Neurol : 58 — Trans-endocytosis via spinules in adult rat hippocampus.

Three-dimensional analysis of dendritic spines. Quantitative observations related to dendritic spine and synaptic morphology in cerebral and cerebellar cortices. Interview Click to see an interview with subject collection editor Tom Cech. Interview Click to see an interview with subject collection editor Lucy Shapiro.

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